REDS – Die Roten > China (E) | China (D) > Mandate
ACFTU |
All-China Federation of Trade Unions (before 1953, All-China Federation of Labour) |
CB |
Current Background, translation of official documents of the government or party, issued in translation by the United States Consulate General, Hong Kong |
CC |
Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party; when it occurs with a number (e.g. the Ninth), this refers to the Congress which elected it |
CCP |
Chinese Communist Party |
CI |
Communist International (Comintern), 1919-43 |
CQ |
China Quarterly (originally, Chungking; from 1960, London) |
ECCM |
Extracts from China Mainland Magazines (subsequently, Extracts from People’s Republic of China Magazines), published by the United States Consulate General, Hong Kong |
GAC |
Government Administrative Council; from 1954, State Council, the council of ministers of the Government of the People’s Republic |
JMJP |
Jen-min Jih-pao (The People’s Daily, Peking); as officially now transliterated into Roman script, Renmin Ribau |
JMP |
Jen Min Piao or Yuan (or Chinese dollar), official currency of the People’s Republic. Official transliteration now, Renminbau (RMB) |
JP |
Jih-pao, daily (of newspapers) |
KMT |
Kuomintang |
NPC |
National People’s Congress |
PLA |
People’s Liberation Army |
PR |
Peking Review, Peking, weekly (in English and other languages) |
PRC |
People’s Republic of China |
RMB |
See JMP |
SCMP |
Survey of China Mainland Press (subsequently, Survey of People’s Republic of China Press), translations from the Chinese Press, published by the United States Consulate General, Hong Kong |
SCMM |
Survey of China Mainland Magazines (subsequently, Survey of People’s Republic of China Magazines), translations from Chinese weekly and monthly publications, published by the United States Consulate General, Hong Kong |
SWB |
Survey of World Broadcasts, monitoring service (of Chinese radio) by the British Broadcasting Corporation, London |
Over the period concerned, different forms of transliteration from Chinese to Roman characters have been used. Where possible, these have been standardized on the first use in this book, without any regard to the relative merits of different forms. Where citations use different transliteration for the same term, no attempt has been made to standardize them.
JMP/RMB: converted from old to new (10,000:1) in 1955. Currently, 1 RMB equals 0.526 US dollars.
Mou: 0.067 hectares or 0.165 acres.
Catty: 500 grammes or 1.102 lbs.
Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Vol.1, Peking, 1965 (official translation of the second official Chinese edition, Peking, April 1960). Textual reference: SW I
Mao Tse-tung, Selected Works, 1926-1936, Vol.1, New York, 1954 (official translation of the Chinese edition, Peking, 1951). Textual reference: SW I, New York, 1954
Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Vols.II and III, Peking, 1956 (official translation of the second Chinese edition, Peking, 1960). Textual reference: SW II or SW III
Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Vol.IV, Peking, 1961 (official translation of the first Chinese edition, Peking, 1960). Textual reference, SW IV
Sources of citation from individual writings of Mao earlier than these editions are cited in the text. They include:
A Documentary History of Chinese Communism, edited by Conrad Brandt, Benjamin Schwartz and John H. Fairbank, New York, 1967. Textual reference: A Documentary History
Mao’s China: Party Reform Documents, 1942-44, translated by Boyd Compton, London, 1952
Mao Tse-tung, China: The March Towards Unity, documents, Communist Party of the United States, New York, 1937
Official published sources – for example, Mao Tse-tung on Art and Literature, Peking, 1960; Four Essays on Philosophy, Peking, 1968; Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung, Peking, 1966; and as cited in the text.
Internal party publications, as compiled in various sources, but particularly Mao Tse-tung ssu-hsiang wan sui (Long Live Mao Tse-tung Thought), 1967/69, as translated in:
Miscellany of Mao Tse-tung Thought, 1949-68, Vols.I and II, Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington Virginia, n.d. (mimeo). Textual reference: Miscellany
Mao Tse-tung Unrehearsed, Talks and Letters, 1965-71, edited by Stuart R. Schram, London, 1974. Textual reference: Mao Unrehearsed
Mao Papers, Anthology and Bibliography, translated and edited by Jerome Ch’en, London, 1970. Textual reference: Mao Papers
The publication of Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Vol.V, Peking, 1977 (covering the period 1949 to 1957) occurred too late for the volume to be used here as a source.
For discussions of these documents, cf. the introduction to Schram, op.cit.; CQ57, pp.156-65; John Gittings, The World and China, 1922-72, London, 1974, chs.XI and XII; and CQ60, pp.750-66; or Roderick McFarquhar, The Times, 5 Sept 1973.
Citations and notes to the text are given at the end of each chapter, although they are numbered by part.
Last updated on 14.4.2001